Significant weather events are becoming more frequent, and you can see in the records that extreme weather events are happening more often than they used to happen. Now we are beginning to be able to read the climate signal, that’s the bit that we can attribute specifically to climate change, so on Florence for instance, scientists are now saying about 50% more rainfall will occur in Florence than would otherwise have been the case if we didn’t have a changing climate…

I think that what we have seen very clearly now, is the way in which we can begin to attribute the climate component of an extreme weather event. Extreme weather events have multiple causes, nobody is saying that climate change causes Florence, but we can begin to see what proportion of the actual impact of Florence is because of temperature rise due to climate change. It’s the science of what’s called climate attribution, and that has got very much more sophisticated the the last ten years, and it is coming to the point that not only can we check back after an event has happened, and see how much was caused by climate change, we are on the verge of being able to forecast how much of an extreme weather event will have been caused by climate change.